Anconeus

Meaning

ancon = elbow

Function

extends elbow &
rotates forearm

Origin

epicondyle (protuberance above
or on the rounded end of a long
bone) of the humerus

Insertion

bony prominence of ulna

spaceholder

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Biceps brachii

Meaning

biceps = double-headed
or two peaks
brachii = of the arm

Function

supinates (turning, so palm
faces up) forearm,
flexes elbow & shoulder

Origin

2 loci: above and in the
coracoid process (short
projection from shoulder blade)

Insertion

2 loci: tuberosity (rounded
prominence) of the radius
and fascia of forearm

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Brachialis

Meaning

brachi = upper arm
from shoulder to elbow

Function

flexes the elbow

Origin

distal (away from center
of body) half of the humerus

Insertion

coracoid process (short
projection from shoulder blade)

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Meaning

brachi = upper arm from shoulder to elbow
radialis = along the radius bone

Function

pronates, supinates
and flexes forearm

Origin

above the condylar
ridge of the humerus
(lower humurus end)

Insertion

bony projection of distal radius
(radial styloid process)

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Coracobrachialis

Meaning

coraco = ravens beak
brachi = upper arm from shoulder to elbow

Function

flexes & adducts arm,
rotates humerus

Origin

the coracoid process

Insertion

brachial region (humurus)

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Deltoid

Meaning

deltoeides = triangular

Function

flexes & rotates shoulder,
abducts arm

Origin

clavicle (collarbone),
scapula (shoulder blade),
& spine

Insertion

deltoid tuberosity
(rounded prominence of
upper arm/bone)

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Infraspinatus

Meaning

infra = below
spinatus = slender projection

Function

rotate humerus,
stabilizes shoulder joint

Origin

intraspinatus fossa of scapula
(shoulder blade)

Insertion

greater protuberance
of the humerus

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Palmaris longus

Meaning

palma = palm of or
flat of the hand
longus = long

Function

flexes wrist, tenses
palmar aponeurosis (sheet
of pearly white fibrous tissue)

Origin

epicondyle (protuberance above
or on the rounded end of a long
bone) of the humerus

Insertion

palmar aponeurosis (sheet of
pearly white fibrous tissue)

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Pronator quadratus

Meaning

pronare = to bend forward
quad = square shaped

Function

maintains proper distance
between ulna and radius,
while rotating the forearm

Origin

inner part of ulna

Insertion

inner part of radius

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Pronator teres

Meaning

pronare = to bend forward
teres = round & smooth or cylindrical

Function

rotates lower arm, so
palm can face backwards

Origin

greater protuberance
of the humerus &
coronoid process of ulna

Insertion

middle of radius

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Subscapularisanatomytutoringatsylviatutors.online

Meaning

sub = under or below
scapularis = scapula

Function

adducts humerus, stabilizes
shoulder joint

Origin

subscapular fossa

Insertion

smaller protuberance of humerus

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Supinator

Meaning

supination = rotation of forearm

Function

rotates forearm, so palm can face up

Origin

epicondyle (protuberance above
or on the rounded end of a long
bone) of the humerus,
fossa of ulna &
supinator crest

Insertion

radial shaft

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Supraspinatus

Meaning

supra = above or beyond limits
spinatus = spine, here spine of scapula

Function

abducts arm, stabilizes
humeral head

Origin

supraspinous fossa
at top of scapula

Insertion

greater protuberance
of the humerus

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Teres major

   Meaning

teres = round & smooth or cylindrical
major = great in size or important

Function

rotates & adducts humerus

Origin

outer border &
smaller angle of the scapula

Insertion

bicipital groove of humerus

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Teres minor

Meaning

teres = round & smooth or cylindrical
minor = lesser

Function

one of the four rotary cuff muscles
rotates & adducts humerus
stabilizes shoulder joint

Origin

outer border of scapula

Insertion

greater protuberance
of the humerus

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Triceps brachii

Meaning

tricep = three headed
brachii = of the arm

Function

adducts & extends upper arm
extends forearm

Origin

3 loci: greater protuberance
of the scapula, upper & lower
posterior humerus

Insertion

olecranon (bony prominence of
elbow, which form elbow
joint) process of ulna